The Role of Alexander Hamilton in Federal Governments in the United States of America

What is the most significant part of Hamilton’s argument in Federalist 70? Why does Hamilton argue in favour of a single executive? Are the comparisons Hamilton makes to the Roman warranted? Alexander Hamilton is considered as the founder of principles that govern Federal Governments in the United States of America and thus the true architect of the modern administrative state. Hamilton’s most significant argument in Federal 70 was the creation of a strong executive.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Alexander Hamilton in Federal Governments in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hamilton in Federalist 70 believed that good governance could only be attained through an energetic and accountable executive. A critical look at Hamilton’s argument that was attached to the structure of government, administration and rule of law as well as policies is still releva nt in the contemporary United States of America. Hamilton expressed that a strong executive is a fundamental requirement for a nation’s economic prosperity, a view he held so dearly that he made political rivalry between him and people who held different views. It is imperative to note that during constitutional convention which was held in 1787, he advocated for a government in the form of an elected monarchy. This opinion was shot down by delegates in the convention. In spite of the defeat, he continued advocating for creation of a strong executive. Hamilton’s views of a strong executive were anchored on the failures of the confederation plan which aimed at over-devolution of government affairs. It was evident that a plan of devolution that gave states maximum discretion over the federal government was improper. This was because of difficulties in formulating and ratifying rules to govern the same which took years to come up with largely due to disagreements in bound aries and commerce. In order to support the views of Alexander Hamilton, failure among states to work under the terms of the Paris Treaty that ended the Revolutionary War made leaders to agree on making a strong government that would supervise affairs of the states. This agreement was reached after states started formulating their own independent foreign policies while other states fought on whom to control the western land. By 1787, it was evident that the devolution plan was not working and the solution to this would be formulating a strong federal government that would have executive powers over the states’ governments.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The quest for a strong executive was echoed by Alexander Hamilton and being the first treasury secretary, he planned and wrote reports on modalities of creating strong executive government. His reports included report on public credit, manufacturing and creation of a national banking system. Hamilton considered three basic principles in his views regarding the newly agitated public administration structure and strategy. Firstly, Hamilton considered independence, responsibility and power as key principles that would indeed play a role if a strong executive agenda would succeed and give good results. According to Hamilton, the laws that had been ratified by the congress posed limitations on the independence of the federal government. It was his wish that for the executive to be able to implement laws, it required independence and freedom. It was also evident that Hamilton in his later works (such as in Federalist71) showed that there was need for separation of powers between the executive and the legislature. In addition, he showed that it was important to vest adequate authority to the executive such as freedom to determine how best to implement and administer laws. Hamilton was strongly convinced that a weak government was bound to deliver poor results mainly due to bad policies. He also believed that there was much needed for a decisive organ that would drive policies on behalf of states’ governments. In addition, Hamilton held the view that it required a strong government to protect the people’s interest if they required to rule and be served at the same time. It is evident that the Federalist 70 (a book by Hamilton) was probably the first of its kind on the subject of public administration whose relevance was noted almost a century later. The book outlined what was entailed by â€Å"energy in the executive†. On the principle of power, Hamilton outlined that a strong executive required unity, and that there ought to have been a president as the leader of the government who should be in power for a definite duration of time. Also, he said that the president was supposed to be competent enough to be able understand and push policies for the good of the nation. The third principle of responsibility was aimed at keeping the executive government accountable so that it didn’t exhibit or exercise too much power. Hamilton suggested that for the executive to be accountable, it required Congress that would supervise it.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Alexander Hamilton in Federal Governments in the United States of America specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although Hamilton’s view on separation of powers between the legislature and executive was received well, he suggested that it could not be enough to vest all the authority to the Congress to check the executive. There was need for a stronger executive branch (Congress) that could have power to impeach even the president. There was strong need to check the executive so that it does not exercise too much power. Therefore, the proposed government would be responsible for its actions for the g ood of the citizen of the nation. In order to prove that his argument was the only way to push for the economic development agenda and a change from agrarian dependent economy to manufacturing, Hamilton in the capacity of treasury secretary was instrumental in the planning and creation of the First Bank of the United States of America which was government-supported. Hamilton’s view on a long term vision was that when an executive government is in place, it is possible to formulate policies that can change even the economic position of the nation. His vision of a manufacturing driven economy was that it would play a major role for America to engage in global commerce compared to an economy driven by agriculture. Hamilton’s strong support for a powerful government led by an executive leader was envisioned in the future of America in the sense that an economic transformation would only be possible when a strong executive was is in place to push the agenda forward. Hamilto n’s values for the administration of the United States of America can be summarized as a system that blends a strong executive (monarchy), a strong legislature (democratic) and an independent judicial system which has powers to overrule the will of the majority if liberty is destroyed (aristocracy). To enable this kind of system to flourish peacefully, there is need to balance them in such a way that none becomes more superior to the other or vise versa.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It was evident that Alexander Hamilton admired and also had passion for Rome. His envisioned America resembled what used to be the administration in Ancient Roman Republic. Rome portrayed a history whose greatness was achieved through trade and commerce. In addition, this history was established and strongly supported by military of elite. It is generally viewed that Rome’s administration was strategized to command and conquer. The empire in Rome was mandated to protect the interests of the people led by a central figure. This was the exact vision that Hamilton had for American administration. In his era, Caesar was referred to as a destroyer of republics and thus never enjoyed the admiration of many people. However, Hamilton admired him and referred to him as â€Å"the greatest villain and the founder†. As mentioned earlier, Humiliations view was to have an executive leader whose mandate was to give an informed leadership by pushing forward the policies that would mak e America great. The Roman Empire shared the same set up. Hamilton’s vision would be put into operation by employing policies and mechanism that would reduce poverty through funding and assumption or through empowering the rich and employing mechanisms of expanding trade throughout the world. The latter would be put in place while still enforcing domestic fiscal authority. This strategy would be possible if a strong executive was put in place to push for these agendas. Hamilton’s vision encompassed a strong government’s quest to empower members of the political elite that would transform the administration from within. To date, America’s administration reflects the foundation that was laid by the founder of modern administration, Alexander Hamilton. His argument regarding the Roman Republic and his admiration of the system of administration in Rome are indeed warranted. Hamilton participated in the enactment of some of his proposals in the constitution th at changed the administration of the United States. Therefore, he can be rightfully referred to as the founder of modern administration in the United States of America. This essay on The Role of Alexander Hamilton in Federal Governments in the United States of America was written and submitted by user Aaden Combs to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Death Of My Father

to me before he hung up the phone, â€Å"I love you very much and take care of yourself and be safe.† My father and I really did not have conversations like that before but I really did not think much of it. Actually, my father had abandoned me at the age of 3 and he did not make the effort to get to know me until I was thirteen. Nevertheless, I still love my father and I will never forget the good and bad times that we had together. It was at this time that I began to realize how fragile and vulnerable I am, that in just one second a person can go from being alive with family, friends, years of education, and goals, to being gone, wasted, never to come back. My dad will never return, I will never get the chance to fully understand what stress caused him to commit suicide, and I would never get the chance to get to know my father since he was hardly ever around. My mother had always told me that bodies are strong things. If I got a cut or scrape, I would take time to clean it, cover it, and take care of it. â€Å"Your body is a strong thing; it will heal, it will be okay.† Suddenly, I realized that this was not always the case, there is not always hope, sometimes happens is unchangeable. One day, it will be okay; but for now, I am left with an empty feeling in my heart. However, I am forever blessed with the realization of how precious the people we love are, and now I know to cherish every moment, while it last.... Free Essays on Death Of My Father Free Essays on Death Of My Father The most significant and life changing experience in my life was when my father died last year on October 9, 2002. It really awakened me to how the world works and how fragile life is. I remember the day perfectly. I was at home when I received a phone call from my brother’s mom telling me that my father had committed suicide. I was unable to comprehend how this could possibly be true. I had just talked to my father on the phone the Friday before and he said these final words to me before he hung up the phone, â€Å"I love you very much and take care of yourself and be safe.† My father and I really did not have conversations like that before but I really did not think much of it. Actually, my father had abandoned me at the age of 3 and he did not make the effort to get to know me until I was thirteen. Nevertheless, I still love my father and I will never forget the good and bad times that we had together. It was at this time that I began to realize how fragile and vulnerable I am, that in just one second a person can go from being alive with family, friends, years of education, and goals, to being gone, wasted, never to come back. My dad will never return, I will never get the chance to fully understand what stress caused him to commit suicide, and I would never get the chance to get to know my father since he was hardly ever around. My mother had always told me that bodies are strong things. If I got a cut or scrape, I would take time to clean it, cover it, and take care of it. â€Å"Your body is a strong thing; it will heal, it will be okay.† Suddenly, I realized that this was not always the case, there is not always hope, sometimes happens is unchangeable. One day, it will be okay; but for now, I am left with an empty feeling in my heart. However, I am forever blessed with the realization of how precious the people we love are, and now I know to cherish every moment, while it last....

Why Use Endnotes, Endnotes vs. Footnotes

Why Use Endnotes, Endnotes vs. Footnotes Even though parenthetical style citations have become popular in modern academia, there are plenty of times when they are not quite appropriate. You might find that you are dealing with an old-school editor who requires the use of endnotes. In fact, for many manuscript publications, endnotes are the preferred method of citation. Why Use Endnotes? Endnotes are a wonderful solution to the break in flow that citations can sometimes create. When you use them, you can be sure that your text will not be interrupted by more than a single superscript number. The reader can then turn to the back of the book or paper to read the entire citation, if they so choose. Much of the reason that we use any type of citationwhether an APA style citation or Chicago Style citationis to provide healthy proof for our claims. We want to make sure that we can write with authority, and provide backing for the theoretical points we make. We also want to be sure that we can properly utilize the works of those who have gone before us. Endnotes vs. Footnotes Because of this, few readers are interested in reading footnotes at the end of each page. In fact, many readers find it distracting, and will only desire footnotes for further investigation on the topic at hand. Because of this, endnotes have remained a quite popular reference solution in the publication realms.

MLA Formatting and Style Guide by Purdue OWL Essay - 10

MLA Formatting and Style Guide by Purdue OWL - Essay Example For instance, in case of expert users, the document needs to present facts through the use of figures and any available data, there is no need of definitions, explaining the data, background explanations and the writer can use abbreviations. This is different for writing other documents because one needs to explain things like terms, the user data and focus on the bigger picture. Visuals are important in the sense that they enhance the meaning of the document and easily create an understanding to the user on what the document is all about. Visuals play a significant role in attracting the attention of the end user to a particular document and help them multitask when reading a technical document. Visuals keep the user interested because they easily connect to the document. Training manuals are the choice of a technical communication document to use in my field. The document will be used to enhance classroom teaching by the professor and helps students understand better the subject at hand. The documents target students in institutions of higher learning and it’s best suited compared to any other technical communication document.

Journal of Clinical Nursing FOLLOW-UP CARE An exploratory study of the Assignment

Journal of Clinical Nursing FOLLOW-UP CARE An exploratory study of the follow-up care needs of patients treated for colorect - Assignment Example This is in line with the assertions of Alasuutari, P. et al. (2008); Balsley (2007) that a document abstract should in brief present the researcher’s proposed objectives and whether they were met; how he/she had proposed to carry out the research-the research paper design; the reasons for choosing such a design given there are so many design methodologies citing the advantages and disadvantages and comparing the shortcomings with those of other potential design methods; perceived outcomes citing the actual and the expected impacts. Further, the abstract should clearly give the research methodology including the research tools giving reasons of their choice, the data collection methods, , how the data will be analyzed and including the software to be used (SPSS, STATA, EnVivo, GenStat etc) in addition to research schedule and envisaged budget. As Alasuutari, P. et al. (2008) puts it, all the above are meant to present the research protocol in an easier manner to comprehend. The authors of the research paper article have taken all the above into consideration while writing the paper. One important aspect included in the research paper it background, which gives a foundation for the paper citing the existing information gap to form a sound justification for current and future research works in the area. Further, relevance of the research work in the provision of health services is well articulated and sound well for a research work findings which are expected to be generalized and replicated. Evaluation In any research work, the research design and methodology which form the research protocol are entirely based on proposed research objectives. Research objectives guide the researcher in the formulation of specific, measureable, attainable, realistic and time bound activities which guide the researcher in avoiding those that are likely to interfere with the research timelines and budget. According to Kinta, B. et al. (2010), the research objective was to exp lore patient perceptions of their experiences of follow-up care after treatment for colorectal cancer. The research objective is supported by the formulated questions which the research aims at answering and which are disaggregate into a level which is easily manageable. In this case the null hypothesis assumed that the traditional method of routine hospital follow-up may be effective in the surveillance of disease recurrence, but does not always address patients’ psycho-social and information needs adequately (Kinta, B. et al. 2010). The null hypothesis assumed none effect of follow-up of cancer patients. The formulated hypothesis formed the basis for the development of research tools, data collection protocol, determination of the analysis methods and the way to report the findings. Hypothesis formulation is very important in that, they are integral parts which guide the readers on what to expect, what the research paper aimed at in addition to reducing the research questio ns into manageable components (Babbie 2007). The importance of a research article is clearly captured by the authors stating that nurse-led clinics and/or telephone follow-up by specialist nurses may be effective models of care for this particular patient group, providing appropriate access for meeting clinical, psycho-social and

Pollution control and waste management Essay Example for Free

Pollution control and waste management Essay The Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism (the Department) has recognised that they are not always successful in policing and enforcing environmental laws. However, the Department is making strides to meet these challenges and to ensure that our laws are practically implemented. In March 2000, the Department published its White Paper on Integrated Pollution and Waste Management (the White Paper). The White Paper proposes a number of tools to implement the objectives of the waste management policy it sets out. The promulgation of new pollution and waste legislation such as the amendments to the Environment Conservation Act, 73 of 1989 (ECA) comprise one such tool. The objective of the Environment Conservation Act: Amendment Bill, 2003 (the Amendment Bill) is to facilitate governments general policy on integrated pollution control and waste management so as to give effect to waste management as proposed in the White Paper. The Amendment Bill will amend the ECA in three separate ways: †¢ the management of waste sites will be transferred from the Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry to the Minister of Environmental Affairs and Tourism (the Minister); †¢ the Minister will have the power to make regulations for the imposition of compulsory charging for identified waste streams (for example, plastic bags) and deposit systems (for example, second-hand non-reusable tyres); and †¢ the Minister will have the power to make regulations regarding products which, by their nature, may pose a hazard to the environment and/or human health if and when they reach the waste stream (for example, asbestos products). Transfer of power The ECA governs environmental waste pollution. In particular, the ECA provides for the permitting and related control measures for the operation of waste landfill sites. The ECA specifically stipulates that the Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry should administer these facilities. In accordance with the governments philosophy on integrated pollution control and waste management inherent in the White Paper, the amendment transfers the administration of these facilities from the Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry to the Minister. Economic incentives In order to promote recycling and waste minimization in respect of certain waste streams such as plastic bags, glass and tyres, certain additional regulatory powers will be allocated to the Minister. The Amendment Bill proposes a financial incentive approach which will complement the existing traditional command and control approach to controlling pollution. Whereas the command and control approach relies either on administrative sanctions (for example, permitting requirements on scheduled emissions) or criminal measures (for example, fines or imprisonment if such permit conditions are breached) to regulate pollution emissions, the amendment will give the Minister the power to make regulations to encourage the re-use, reduction and recycling of specific waste types. To this end, the proposed amendment to the ECA provides that the Minister may make regulations with regard to waste management, concerning the imposition of compulsory charging, deposits systems and levies on certain waste types or specified items in waste types. The intention is that the revenue raised from such charges will be used to encourage recycling and a compulsory deposit system will promote the collection and return of types of waste. A compulsory charge on a particular waste will encourage its re-use, for example, the controversial compulsory charge on plastic bags has promoted re-use. The Minister intends to use these mechanisms to impose a deposit scheme on second-hand and unusable tyres and glass. Regulating products Currently, the ECA does not give the Minister or the Department regulatory power over products, materials or substances that may cause harm to the environment or human health should these enter the waste stream (for example, asbestos, which is found in building material, friction material and other elements). The Department does not have regulatory powers over such substances until the relevant material becomes waste. The Amendment Bill will give the Minister the power to make regulations with regard to the prohibition, control or regulation of products that may have a detrimental effect on the environment or on human health if and when they reach the waste stream.

Spirituality Essay -- essays research papers

Spirituality plays a very sub sequential role in my personal life. First of all, spirituality helps me govern what is right and what is wrong in my life. Many of the decisions that I make everyday, I believe are a direct result of my spirituality. For as long as I can remember I have been raised to believe that I should live my life the way God would want me to live it. Therefore, whenever I have a decision to make, I have to consider, what is right? And what is wrong? Second of all, it also helps me to feel more secure about what will happen to my spirit once my life here on earth is over. I believe that there is a better place for our spirits once we leave this earth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many of my spiritual beliefs have changed over time. When I was younger I believed that in order to go to haven a person had to loyally attend and be actively involved in church. But, as I grew older I was taught that church is just the building in which we praise the lord. I was taught that the lord could be praised without the building. As a child I also had this image and belief that God was white. This white image that I had of God came from pictures that I saw as a child. These images and beliefs changed, as I got older because I was exposed to new information and a new way of thinking and I was able to investigate these things on my own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my opinion, there isn’t much of a difference between being a spiritual person and a religious person. If... Spirituality Essay -- essays research papers Spirituality plays a very sub sequential role in my personal life. First of all, spirituality helps me govern what is right and what is wrong in my life. Many of the decisions that I make everyday, I believe are a direct result of my spirituality. For as long as I can remember I have been raised to believe that I should live my life the way God would want me to live it. Therefore, whenever I have a decision to make, I have to consider, what is right? And what is wrong? Second of all, it also helps me to feel more secure about what will happen to my spirit once my life here on earth is over. I believe that there is a better place for our spirits once we leave this earth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many of my spiritual beliefs have changed over time. When I was younger I believed that in order to go to haven a person had to loyally attend and be actively involved in church. But, as I grew older I was taught that church is just the building in which we praise the lord. I was taught that the lord could be praised without the building. As a child I also had this image and belief that God was white. This white image that I had of God came from pictures that I saw as a child. These images and beliefs changed, as I got older because I was exposed to new information and a new way of thinking and I was able to investigate these things on my own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my opinion, there isn’t much of a difference between being a spiritual person and a religious person. If...

Being Criticized

Man’s growing up process and the entirety of his life will surely and definitely involve certain amounts of criticism. The basic principle is that between the two parties involved in the process of criticism: the person criticizing and the person receiving the criticism – there is a certain so-called truth or rule or way of life or way of thinking that is being imposed upon. â€Å"Since most criticism involves interaction of two people †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. the ‘Demander’ and the ‘Perceiver. ’ The Demander is the person from whom criticism comes.The Perceiver is the person who perceives the demand in a critical way. In fact, criticism is a demand for someone to do something. Developmentally, this exchange between the demander and perceiver has its origin in the parent-child relationship. In later life it continues as the perceiver sees the demander as a person in power. The perceiver gives the power to the demander who is viewed as an unequal and i n a superior position. All criticism, regardless of the form in which it is expressed, has its origins in one fundamental principle.This single principle is what I have called the Truth-Imposition Dilemma of Mankind. † (Smith 2006) And I have had my own share of criticism – from family, teachers, friends and foes alike. What has affected me most deeply (and I think will forever affect me) is how my parents are critical about the friends I choose to keep. From the variations of â€Å"you are the company you keep† as posed by Miguel de Cervantes to the Confucian admonition of â€Å"have no friends not equal to yourself† – guide the probing eyes, nose and ears of my parents about my friends (old and new alike).They keep on reminding me about those wisdom whenever they learn anything about my friends. Or, whenever I make a new friend and I get to introduce him or her to my parents. I get to be reminded and/or reprimanded whenever I passed even a bit of a second of my curfew to get back home after a â€Å"day† out with my friends. And my parents are very dicey about things that a friend or two would be inclined to, like: piercing, tattoo, smoking, speed driving, bike riding, rap music, provocative girl clothes, multicolored dyed hair, spikey hair cuts, very ostentatious â€Å"blings†.Although my parents criticize them to me in private and in a civilized and placid and constructive way, I am still mystified as to why they are always wary of me and my friends. I must also admit that my parents exercise appropriate choice of words – still, I feel remorse that my parents could be short-sighted about their generalized opinion. Their criticisms about my friends affected me both negatively and positively. First, I sometimes harbor the feeling that I am irresponsible. I am very sure that I am very responsible about my studies and life. And I know they know and believe that.Therefore, I think my parents should give me a little bit of credit along those lines. I have explained to my parents that the â€Å"in† things that one or two of my friends might be inclined to, does not necessarily diminish whatever goodness they have in their person. I told my parents that piercing or tattoo, respectively and relatively, is simply a personal expression of the inner thoughts of a person. That is why the negative effect of being criticized about the friends I keep, makes me resent the seeming distrust that my elders have on my sense of judgment and responsibility.At one point, I do give my parents the benefit of the doubt when they remind me about how I should choose my friends. I do realize that my parents simply love me and are very concerned that any of my friends will not end up to be a bad influence on me. I also appreciate that they illustrate their involvement in my life as what parents should be. I understand that there is no point in life that you will stop learning from criticisms or being ann oyed by criticism.Destructive or constructive, I know that the end result of criticism rest on my shoulder to prove or disprove them wrong. Much as I might try to avoid being criticized, there is really no escaping. Therefore, I simply just have to be on my toes not to miss out on my sense of discretion and responsibility about things in life. And that will speak in lesser words that whatever that criticism is – it is unfounded. Work Cited: Smith, L. C. , Jr. , Ph. D. , â€Å"CRITICISM: OUR DIS-EASE†. 2006 The Writings of Laurence C. Smith, Jr. , PhD http://lcsmithphd. com/Criticism. html

Options And Corporate Finance Essay

In a perfect world, the stock price will drop by the amount of the â€Å"special one- time† dividend on the ex-dividend date. If we ignore taxes as we do in this mini- case the wealth of the shareholders doesn’t change if the company pays a special one-time dividend or not because it is reflected in the stock price. As we also saw in class that a dividend policy for a company is irrelevant since investors can convert share to cash or create their own homemade dividends payments if they prefer an income stream. In essence, paying the dividend is transferring money from the company to the shareholders but net the wealth of the shareholder stay the same due to a similar drop in the share price, but the value of the company will decrease. 2. The proposal of Jessica could go both ways, it could increase the value of the company or decrease the value, for the simple reason that we don’t have any information about leverage, the amount of debt, capital structure etc. If the company is overleveraged that will result in extra costs of financial distress, which consist of direct, indirect and agency costs. An overleveraged company goes past the optimal point and will decrease in value as you can see from the red line. If this is the case then it would be a good idea to reduce the amount of debt which results in a reduction of costs related to financial distress and invest the money in new facilities to increase the overall value of the company. If the company didn’t reach it equilibrium point than it would be a bad idea to reduce the amount of debt because it will decrease the value of the company due to the tax advantages (tax shield), so it would be better to keep the amount of debt to and maybe even increase the debt to reach the maximum company value. This are two options which can increase or decrease the value of the company. Another point could be that we don’t know about future prospect of the current technology and if there is enough demand, and if they now use their full production capacity. If not the case then it would be a bad idea to upgrade and expand, but it would be better to invest in research for new technology. 3. Nolan is correct in the sense that all three indicators will increase due to share repurchase. It will increase the P/E ratio because there are less shares available and it will reduce the denominator of both ROA and ROE which will result in an increase in both ratios. However, a share repurchase will not have any effect on the value of the company for the reasons we discussed in question 1, which is that the dividend policy is irrelevant to the value of the company and it won’t have any effect on the wealth of shareholders. 4. When a company starts with a dividend policy it gives a signal to the shareholders/investors that they are committed to distribute part of their income to their shareholders. If they would start with regular dividend payments they should be sure that they are able to continue that forever, because a reduction in dividend or if they stop paying dividend at all at a later stage will send a negative signal to the market and shareholders/investors. So, they need to make sure that they have enough cash to keep the dividend policy going. To come back to the question, I would evaluate it regarding the company’s ability to pay the dividend for an infinite time period and I they will have enough cash in the future or generate enough cash in the future to pay the dividends. 5. If the company wants to expand (and it is able to do so) the trade-off is lower dividends to their shareholders than when they are a mature company who has no growth potential than they would pay dividend. The implications of the formula are that the company should make a trade-off/decision between company growth or pay the dividend to its shareholders. To please its shareholders and to maximize the company’s value, the company should deliver the required rate of return which is wanted by the shareholders or deliver a higher return to make the shareholders happy. If the company can have a higher rate of return than wanted by the shareholders it should retain earnings to invest in the growth to increase the rate of return, when this is not possible it should pay the shareholders their dividend to give them their required rate of return. But if the company retain its earnings when the rate of return is lower than wanted by the shareholders it lowers the company’s value .

The Image of Harold Turgis in Angel Pavement Essay Example

The Image of Harold Turgis in Angel Pavement Essay Example The Image of Harold Turgis in Angel Pavement Paper The Image of Harold Turgis in Angel Pavement Paper Essay Topic: Everything Is Illuminated The Image of Harold Turgis Harold Turgis is one of the main characters of the novel Angel Pavement by J. B. Priestley. Harold worked for Twiggs and Dersingham, which dealt with a sale of veneers(Ã'„Ð °Ã ½Ã µÃ'€Ð °) and inlays. His position is described in the novel as Stanleys senior or Mr. Smeeths junior clerk, which can be explained that he is not a bad worker, but not good enough either, he is somewhere in-between. And this fact doesnt let the reader feel drawn to him from the very beginning of the story. As far as his appearance is concerned, again no one could say that he was handsome but he was not ugly either. He was in his early twenties, a thinnish, awkward young man, with a rather long neck, poor shoulders, and large clumsy hands and feet. He was obviously neither sick nor starved, yet something about his appearance, a total lack of colour and bloom His features were not good nor yet too bad. He had brown eyes that might have been called pretty if they had been set in a girls face, a fairly large nose that should have been masterful but somehow was not; a small still babyish mouth, usually open, and prevailing several big and irregular teeth; and a dropping rather than retreating chin. All this made Harold Turgis rather unprepossessing to other people as well as to the reader. Mr. Smeeth portrayed Turgis as quite a good worker, but a little bit careless: He does his best. Hes a bit careless sometimes, Ill admit, and hes not to be trusted far with figures yet. Harold was not lazy, he did everything what he was supposed to do, but at the same time he lacked enthusiasm for office work, moreover he never regarded himself as one of the firm. Even when the company was busy again and everything was very well for it, Turgis didnt share everybodys joy, for him it meant only a great deal more work: Turgis didnt see the fun of going hard at it all day and every day and frequently having to stay an hour later. In his everyday life Turgis was just one of London crowd, where he spent a deal of his time. He knew better than anybody else severity of crowd and the city itself, when he was jolting in overcrowded buses hasting to work or back home to his poor lodgings, when it was pouring and an icy wind chilled to the marrow, and his cheap and shabby clothes couldnt protect him from foul weather- Turgis rented a tiny bed-sitting room at the top of Mr. Pelumptons house. He proved to be a good quiet lodger, sober, and punctual in his payments. On Saturdays and Sundays Harold`s landlady provided him with breakfast and dinner, on the other days of the week he had only breakfast in the house and had to shift for himself for his other meals, what means that half of the week he was half starved. Turgis went on well with the Pelumptons and spent not one evening talking to Mr. Pelumpton, though He really thought Mr. Pelumpton a ridiculous old bore, which testifies to the fact that he rather subdued to other people than expressed his own opinion, he found it easier and safer. He was a youth who liked to agree with his company, not because he felt kindly disposed towards other people, but simply because it was less trouble to agree and applaud. Harold was not really sociable and companionable, he didnt have friends and wasnt longing for finding some; he didnt want company for companys sake. But he dreamt of finding a good, beautiful girl who would love and support him and who would share with him his lonely existence. Turgis consi dered himself to be a very romantic person and by temperament an inborn lover. His thoughts never left the other sex long; happiness had for him a feminine shape; the real world was illuminated by the bright glances of girls He realized that he had nothing to offer a girl, but his heart, soul and love, as he was far from being beautiful, clever, successful or rich, but still he didnt lose his hope. He knew that he had little to offer on the surface, was nothing to look at, nobody in particular, but he felt that inside he was different, he was wonderful, and that sooner or later a girl, a beautiful and passionate girl, caring nothing for the outside show, would recognize this difference. Then life would really begin. But still he was languishing in poverty, visiting on Sundays pictures and teashops, hoping to meet there a wonderful girl, his partner for the whole life, and trying to amuse himself by reading advertisements, the victim of which he was, since nearly every his shilling was conjured out of his pocket by the richest and most artful advertising managers . Perhaps that is why his suits bagged so soon, his shoes soaked up the rain, his cigarettes shredded and split, and his amusements failed to amuse, which proves that he didnt possess a critical mind, couldnt analyze his mistakes and make conclusions. However miracles always happen to people who believe in them. Once Lena Golspie came to the office to see her dad and Turgis saw her: There, like a being from another world, stood a girl all in green, a girl with large brown eyes, the most impudent little nose, and a smiling scarlet mouth, the prettiest girl he had ever seen. Since that very moment she became his dream, his inspiration and goal. If earlier he had just a vague image of a desired girl in his mind, now this image accepted the shape of Lena Golspie. Harold hadnt seen or spoken to her since that time, but he thought and dreamed about her a great deal. He didnt know her but was sure that he already loved her and that made him at least change his appearance: he shaved every day, bought some new collars and brushed his clothes. And evenings he spent strolling along Maida Vale, where Ms. Golspie lived, in hope to see her. One day he received that chance to see Lena, as he was asked to take some money to her. He was so happy; he couldnt wait till the end of the working day. When he delivered Lena the money, she invited him to have some tea, then they went to the movies, drank cocktails and danced after returning home. The next day they met again; Turgis couldnt believe his happiness. He was too naive to understand that Lena spent time with him just because she had nothing else to do, her friends left the city, besides she was not a kind of person who would stay in, she adore entertainment most of all, so she used Turgis like a toy. Even the last night when they were to meet and she didnt come, he tried to justify her: He thought of a hundred excuses for her. She might have been taken ill quite suddenly something might have happened at the house. After that accident Turgiss life was like a bad dream: his real life had been this pursuit of Lena, he could not forget her for a single minute. At first, he had realized, with wonder and humility, that it was all miraculous, that he was nobody in particular, with nothing very much to offer. But she herself had changed that She had kissed him into being somebody, and now he had a great deal to offer his love, his life. He tried to put her out of his mind, but failed, everything reminded him of her. Now he lived as he never lived before: he spent sleepless nights, thinking about her, he hardly ate anything, he didnt look after himself. That first phase of unusual smartness, brushed hair, clean collars, creased trousers, had passed; he could not bother with that any more Every night he went to Maida Vale hoping to see her and talk to her. His mind, however, lived as he never lived before, knowing exquisite agonies, finding pleasure and pain inextricably confused in these hours of waiting and shadowing. He was emotionally and physically exhausted, he couldnt stand it any longer, that is why he decided to go to Ms. Golspie and have it out with her once and forever. The reception was not friendly: Lena was beside herself with rage, she told Turgis that once she felt sorry for him and spent some time with him as she had nothing else to do, she pointed out that he was nobody and nothing on earth; at that moment she hated him so much. He looked at her and there came, like a flash of lightening, the conviction that she was hateful, and something broke, and a great blinding tide of anger swept over him. Her scream was cut short, for his hands were round her soft white throat, pressing and pressing it as he shook her savagely. Turgis was sure that he killed her. When he left her room, he didnt know where to go, he went nowhere, he just wanted to leave her room. Harold aimlessly strolled around the city until he reached the office, where he found Mr. Golspie and Ms. Matfield. He told them everything; they went together to Mr. Golspies apartment and found out that Lena was alive. So what did Turgis obtain? He failed to marry Lena Golspie, failed to kill her, he was too poor even to commit suicide, and finally he lost his job. But the author gave Harold Turgis one more chance: he sent him Poppy Sellers, who loved him and was ready to share with him his life, who could support and take care of him, who could understand him, having the same social background, the same ideals about life she was the eager, excited, imploring female, and he was the large, knowing, tolerant, protective male. Already they may have felt that they were going further together now than the way to the remotest picture theatre could take them. and soon these two were lost in the crowd.

How to Identify Email Spam

How to Identify Email Spam How to Identify Email Spam How to Identify Email Spam By Mark Nichol I received the following email message recently. Actually, it went to my spam folder, but other recipients may not be so fortunate or so discerning about its deceptive nature. But if you read carefully, you’ll find plenty of clues that the writer is not a native speaker of English, much less an FBI agent. My editorial interpolations are in brackets. Anti-Terrorist and Monitory Crime Division. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Daniel McMullen (Special Agent in Charge) Attn: , [Mac, you forgot to fill in my name, or a generic term.] This is to officially inform you that it has come to our notice and we have thoroughly investigated with the help of our Intelligence Monitoring Network System that you are having an illegal Transaction with Impostors. [The Intelligence Monitoring Network System could be a brand-name system meriting initial capitalization, but it also could be and is, according to an online search a phrase that comes up only in reference to its inclusion in this message, a classic example of the Nigerian email scam. Furthermore, Rampant Initial Capitalization of Very Important Things, also seen in the phrase â€Å"Transaction with Impostors,† is a common occurrence in email-scam content.] We the Federal Bureau Of Investigation want you to stop further communication with any Impostors claiming to be official. [The FBI would never use the royal we, it doesn’t capitalize the of in its name, and it wouldn’t simply tell you to â€Å"stop† anything.] During our Investigation, [not just any investigation, mind you, but an Investigation] we noticed that the reason why you have not received your payment is because you have not fulfilled your Financial Obligation given to you in respect of your Contract/Inheritance Payment. [More outbreaks of Raging Capitalitis. Also, even FBI bureaucrats know that â€Å"we noticed that the reason why you have not received your payment is because† is more elegantly rendered â€Å"we noticed that you have not received your payment because.†] Therefore, we have contacted the Federal Ministry of Finance [of(?)] Nigeria on your behalf and they have brought a solution to your problem by coordinating your payment in total $5,900,000.00(Five Million Nine Hundred Thousand Dollars). [The only place you will find monetary amounts rendered to the last decimal place followed by the spelled-out rendering, with words initial-capped, in parentheses is in Nigerian scam emails. No one else treats references to money this way.] Since the Federal Bureau of Investigation [Mac, can you just call it the FBI, like everyone else does? But thanks for lowercasing the of this time.] is involved in this transaction,you have to be rest assured for this is 100% risk free it is our duty to protect you. [The main clause of the previous sentence is a mess. Messages to the public from government agencies are better written than this.] We the Federal Bureau Of Investigation [there’s that royal we again, and a reversion to the initial-capped of] want you to contact the ATM CARD CENTER [All-caps = VERY IMPORTANT AND AUTHORITATIVE, but just what is the â€Å"ATM CARD CENTER†?] via email for their requirements to proceed and procure your Approval Slip on your behalf which will cost you $150 and note that your Approval Slip which contains details of the agent who will process your transaction. [This runaway sentence starts out coherently but eventually devolves into meaninglessness.] CONTACT INFORMATION NAME: Mr. Kelvin Williams Address: 18 Koffi Crescent Apapa Lagos Nigeria [Is Nigeria, or the FBI excuse me, the Federal Bureau Of Investigation suffering a comma shortage?] EMAIL: williamskelvin857@yahoo.com [Why am I emailing someone in Nigeria? Oh, right because it’s a Nigerian email scam.] Do contact [â€Å"Do contact†? The FBI sure sounds fussy these days.] Mr. Kelvin Williams of the ATM CARD CENTER with your details,and you full information So your files would be updated after which he will send the payment information which youll use in making payment of$150 via Western Union Money Transfer or Money Gram Transfer for the procurement of your Approval Slip after which the delivery of your ATM CARD will be effected to your designated home address without any further delay. [There’s evidently a period shortage, too.] We order you [You order me? Have I been conscripted? Oh, and, excuse me, sir, but you left out another word.] get back to this office after you have contacted the ATM SWIFT CARD CENTER [Oh, now it’s the ATM SWIFT CARD CENTER.] and we do await your response so we can move on with our Investigation and make sure your ATM SWIFT CARD gets to you. [What’s an ATM SWIFT CARD? Something available, evidently, only from Nigeria.] Thanks and hope to read from you soon. [No, you will not be reading from me soon, Mac.] Daniel McMullen Special Agent in Charge Criminal Division FBI Los Angeles Suite 1700, FOB 15000 Wilshire Boulevard Los Angeles, California [Oops, you forgot your ZIP code, Mac. But that’s OK I double-checked your street address, and it’s wrong. In an online search, it came up only in wait for it references to a Nigerian email scam. (This one, in particular.)] Note: Do disregard [Fussy!] any email you get from any impostors or offices claiming to be in possession of your ATM CARD, you are hereby advice only to be in contact with Mr. Kelvin Williams of the ATM CARD CENTER who isthe rightful person to deal with in regards to your ATM CARD PAYMENT and forward any emails you get from impostors to this office so we could act upon and commence investigation. [Again, the FBI does not condone run-on sentences or comma splices.] Note: There is actually a Federal Bureau Of Investigation agent named Daniel McMullen, but he’s stationed in Mississippi, not Los Angeles. Perhaps he was sent there as punishment for his atrocious writing skills. (That’s just a harmless little joke, denizens of the Magnolia State.) Are you on the lookout for written passages to use as rewriting and editing exercises? Look no further than your email program’s spam folder. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 "Home" Idioms and ExpressionsList of Greek Words in the English LanguageEspecially vs. Specially

ICT Resources for project mgt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ICT Resources for project mgt - Essay Example This paper suggests the use of new information technology techniques such as computerised traffic management system on the roads with weather detection systems (Doyle 2001, p. 47).   The ICT project will involve the use of computerised traffic engineering systems and regulations that will aim at reducing traffic jams through the installation of certain restrictions where possible. One of the ways may include computerised parking systems and restrictions as recent studies have shown that one of the major causes of traffic delays is the snarl-up resulting from vehicles parking in and out of buildings. The use of ICT will boost this process in such a way that there will be efficient flow throughout. Likewise, the government can liaise with road construction companies to incorporate ICT monitoring and control systems at various points such as bypasses and roundabouts in order to enhance the smooth flow of traffic at corners in major cities (Jain 2009, p. 106).   In order to increase efficiency in major towns, some crucial steps have to be taken in the information communication sector. These steps may take time to implement depending on the complexity and extent of the procedure involved. The first phase would be the modification and improvement of the existing infrastructural developments in the ICT sector with a view of increasing the efficiency. This involves the modification of the traffic lights and expansion of the number and functionality of these items by the introduction of modern software (Murthy & Mohle 2001, p. 57).   The second step would be the introduction of new technology on the roads and streets of major towns. A classic example of this process may involve the incorporation of public transportation lanes that are real time and controlled from the central traffic department. One of the best technological tools that a firm or organization can use is